Senior Living and Pet Therapy: The Healing Power of Animal Companionship

As we get older, our risk of loneliness and isolation increases dramatically. In fact, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, loneliness and social isolation in older adults are serious public health risks that affect one-fourth of adults 65 and older. When left untreated, social isolation and loneliness can increase a person’s risk of premature death, dementia, stroke, and has been linked to higher rates of depression and anxiety. To combat these issues, many seniors look to unconventional therapies, one of which is pet therapy. News in Health reports that interacting with animals has been shown to decrease levels of cortisol (our body’s stress hormone), and lower blood pressure. Other studies report that pets can help reduce loneliness and decrease feelings of social isolation. In fact, a poll conducted by the University of Michigan Institute for Healthcare Policy & Innovation found that more than three quarters of pet owners ages 50 to 80 say their animals reduce feelings of stress and provide a sense of purpose. While there are many different solutions to reducing the risk of loneliness and social isolation, owning a pet is linked to a wide variety of health benefits, both physical and mental.  

Pets and Brain Health

A new study has found that owning a pet and pet therapy can actually help delay cognitive decline. In this study, researchers used cognitive tests to a develop a composite cognitive score for all participants. Over six years, researchers found that cognitive scores decreased at a slower rate in pet owners. A contributing factor for these findings is the toll of stress on the brain. Stress can negatively affect cognitive function, especially when we experience long-term stress. According to the National Institutes of Health, “interacting with animals has been shown to decrease levels of cortisol (a stress-related hormone) and lower blood pressure.” CNN reports that owning a household pet for five years or more produced the greatest benefit. Owning a pet nurtures a brain-healthy lifestyle by encouraging cognitive engagement, socialization, physical activity and provides individuals with a sense of purpose that they may not have had before owning their furry friend.

Benefits of Pet Ownership for Older Adults

There are so many benefits to owning a pet—besides the obvious ones of unconditional love and constant companionship. In addition to improving brain health, pets have the power to drastically improve one’s physical and emotional health. Here are a few ways your pet might be impacting your life and your health without even knowing it:

• Promotes a healthier lifestyle. As we get older, it can become easier and more comfortable to lead a sedentary lifestyle. However, owning a pet forces you to engage in physical activity, such as going for daily walks. Even low intensity walks can improve heart health, lower blood pressure, and relieve stress. 
• Encourages social interaction. Social isolation can have a profoundly negative affect on older adults. However, pet ownership gives individuals opportunities to connect with other pet owners. A visit to the dog park or training classes allows individuals with similar interests to come together and build a network of social support and opportunity. Owning a pet is a great conversation starter and an easy way to find common ground with others. 
• Helps establish a daily routine. Routines can be important for older adults, especially for those who are experiencing cognitive decline. Pets need schedules. Walking and feeding our dogs can help give structure to our own days. Focusing on something other than ourselves can also help give our lives purpose and provide something special to look forward to each day.
• Reduces recovery time. Optimism and a positive attitude play important roles in the recovery process after illness or injury. Pets are especially effective at boosting our mood and lifting spirits. In fact, a study conducted by the University of Michigan found that more than 70 percent of participants who reported being in fair or poor health said their pets help them cope with physical and emotional pain, while 46 percent said their pets help distract them from their pain. 

How to Choose the Right Pet

There are a few things to consider before committing to pet ownership. Maintaining a healthy pet takes time, resources and a lot of patience. Before you adopt your furry friend, you may consider the following questions from AgingCare to help you navigate the decision-making process:

• Is the pet healthy? Before you complete the adoption process, make sure to have the pet examined by a veterinarian. Pets with medical issues can be difficult to care for, both financially and emotionally.
• Are finances an issue? Caring for a pet takes time and financial resources. Keeping your pet up-to-date on vaccinations, purchasing food and toys, and unexpected medical care can get expensive quickly. Be sure to consider your budget before adopting a pet.
• Is there a backup plan in place? Before adoption, make sure you have someone who can care for your pet in the case of an emergency such as a hospital stay or long-term injury. In addition, it’s important to think about what would happen to your pet if they outlive you. Make sure to discuss these plans with those you’d like to involve in your pet’s care.  

If you’re still interested in adopting or purchasing a pet, there are many ways to find your perfect match. Breeders are often a good source but adopting from a shelter is much less expensive and helps house a dog who really needs a caring home. Petfinder.com allows individuals to search their area for shelters and rescues for adoptable animals.

Alternatives to Pet Ownership

If you find that you might not be able to commit to owning a pet, there are many alternatives that can still provide you with all the benefits of pet ownership. One popular option, especially for those in the later stages of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, is purchasing a robotic pet. Some robotic pets, like those from Joy For All Companion Pets, feel and look like real pets. These robotic pets can ease feelings of loneliness without all of the responsibility that comes with caring for a pet.  

Pet therapy is also a great alternative, especially for those who live in a residential community, such as Maplewood Senior Living. Many hospitals and long-term care communities partner with organizations to conduct regular visits with residents. While these visits are short, there is evidence that just 15 minutes of bonding with an animal can increase levels of serotonin, which is our body’s natural “feel good” hormone. Some organizations, such as Therapy Dogs International, will conduct home visits to those who live independently, but are still interested in receiving pet therapy visits.

Furry Friends at Maplewood Senior Living

Our communities at Maplewood Senior Living are pet friendly! We offer opportunities for pet therapy and pet exposure to those who are unable to have a pet of their own and encourage residents to bring their furry friends with them as they prepare for a move into one of our communities. For more information or to schedule a tour, please contact us today.