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Sundown Syndrome in Dementia Care: Practical Tips for Families and Caregivers

Sundown syndrome, or “sundowning,” is something many families of loved ones with dementia encounter. It refers to increased confusion, agitation, or restlessness during the late afternoon and evening hours. While it can be challenging, there are practical ways to manage it and bring a sense of calm to your loved one. At Maplewood Senior Living, we’re here to guide families with tips and insights drawn from our experience in memory care.

What Causes Sundown Syndrome?

Though researchers are still exploring the exact causes, sundowning is often linked to changes in the body’s internal clock, which can affect sleep patterns and mood. Fatigue, hunger, overstimulation, or even dim lighting can make symptoms worse. Sometimes, discomfort from medical issues like pain or dehydration may also play a role. Understanding these factors can help you take steps to prevent or minimize symptoms.

Some experts also believe that reduced sensory input during the evening – such as dim lighting or quieter environments – can exacerbate confusion and disorientation. By addressing these triggers, families can create a more soothing environment for their loved ones.

How Sundown Syndrome Affects Families

Watching a loved one experience sundowning can be tough. The sudden shifts in mood or behaviors can leave you feeling unsure of what to do. It’s common for caregivers to feel frustrated, sad, or even helpless during these moments. But it’s important to remember – this is part of the dementia journey, not a reflection of your loved one’s personality or feelings toward you.

Approaching these moments with empathy and understanding can help you respond effectively. By learning to anticipate and address the causes of sundowning, you can make evenings more peaceful for everyone involved.

Simple Strategies to Help

Managing sundown syndrome doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Here are some straightforward techniques to try:

  1. Stick to a Routine: Predictability is comforting for those with dementia. Plan meals, activities, and rest times at the same time every day. This structure can help reduce confusion and agitation.
  2. Create a Soothing Environment: Lighting matters. Keep spaces well-lit during the late afternoon to minimize shadows, which can be unsettling. Reduce noise and avoid overcrowded areas to create a peaceful atmosphere. Consider using soft, warm lighting in the evening to mimic the calming glow of sunset.
  3. Encourage Daytime Activity: Gentle exercise, such as a walk or light stretching, can help your loved one feel more relaxed later in the day. Activities such as music, art, or puzzles can also keep their mind engaged and reduce restlessness. At Maplewood, we’ve seen how these programs tailored to individual preferences can significantly improve mood.
  4. Keep Evening Calm: As the day winds down, opt for relaxing routines like listening to soft music, enjoying a quiet story, or engaging in simple crafts. Avoid TV shows or conversations that might be overstimulating. Creating a ritual, such as a nightly cup of herbal tea or a soothing hand massage, can signal that it’s time to wind down.
  5. Offer Light Meals: Heavy meals late in the day can be hard to digest and might disturb sleep. Stick to lighter options, such as soups, salads, or snacks, and avoid caffeine and sugary treats in the evening. Keeping hydration in check throughout the day can also help prevent discomfort.
  6. Provide Reassurance: Sometimes, all your loved one needs is a soothing presence. Speak in a calm voice, offer a hand to hold, and let them know they are safe. Small gestures like these can go a long way in reducing agitation and promoting relaxation.
  7. Address Underlying Health Issues: Check for discomfort that could worsen symptoms, like pain, hunger, or even unaddressed need to use the restroom. Keeping your loved one hydrated and ensuring they’re comfortable can make a big difference. Regular check-ins with a healthcare provider can help identify and manage these factors.
  8. Use Technology When Needed: Simple tools like motion-activated lights or wearable trackers can help you monitor your loved one’s patterns and identify triggers. Apps and devices designed for dementia care can also provide helpful reminders or calming sounds. At Maplewood, we’ve seen how these small innovations can improve care and ease daily routines.

Taking Care of Yourself

Caring for someone with dementia can be exhausting, especially when sundowning episodes arise. Remember to prioritize your well-being. Join a support group, take breaks when needed, and don’t hesitate to ask for help. Practicing self-care – whether it’s taking a walk, reading, or simply enjoying a moment of quiet – can help you recharge and approach caregiving with renewed energy.

Maplewood Senior Living: Here to Support You

At Maplewood, we specialize in creating a supportive environment for individuals living with dementia. Our memory care programs focus on personalized strategies to enhance quality of life, even during challenging times like sundowning. From thoughtfully designed spaces to expert care teams, we’re dedicated to helping residents feel at ease – and giving families peace of mind.

We understand that every individual’s journey with dementia is unique, which is why we work closely with families to develop tailored care plans. Our communities are designed to promote comfort, safety, and engagement, helping residents thrive despite the challenges of memory loss.

Sundown syndrome doesn’t have to define your evening. With practice, understanding, and the right strategies, you can help your loved one feel more comfortable and secure.


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55 Greens Farms Road

Westport, CT 06880


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